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UN chief Ban Ki-moon called for decisive action to reduce the growing impact of climate change as he launched in Bahrain a global assessment of ways to minimise the risks from natural disasters.
"Gulf countries have so far been less exposed to disasters but rising sea levels threaten Bahrain, Egypt and Djibouti. Many other Arab countries are stricken by earthquakes and drought," he said at the study's launch.
"As a result of global climate change, weather-related hazards are on the rise and we must act decisively," the UN secretary general said, urging national governments to do more to reduce the risks, which disproportionately affect the poor.
Last year alone, 236,000 people lost their lives in over 300 disasters. More than 200 million were directly affected and estimated damage totalled over $180 billion, Ban said.
"Asia was hit especially hard. Nine of the top 10 countries with the highest number of disaster-related deaths were in Asia.
"We know that poor people and developing nations suffer the most from disasters. This new report catalogues just how concentrated this risk can be, and how similar exposure to hazard can kill many or a few.
"For example, 75 per cent of those who die from floods live in just three countries - Bangladesh, China and India. Today, I call on heads of governments and political leaders around the world to invest more in disaster risk reduction."
Highlighting the benefits of addressing the risks, Ban said 17 times more people perish due to tropical cyclones in the Philippines than in Japan, even though the two countries' exposure to cyclones is the same.
The UN chief cited three main issues that needed to be dealt with - unplanned urban development, vulnerable rural livelihoods and the decline of ecosystems.
He said governments should invest in upgrading squatter settlements and providing land for the urban poor, and protecting rural livelihoods and ecosystems.
He singled out the potential contribution that could be made by microcredit schemes like that pioneered in Bangladesh by Nobel Peace Prize winner Muhammad Yunus.
On Thursday, a report submitted to the UN called on donor countries to raise up to $2 billion to help vulnerable, poor countries adapt to climate change.
"As a first step, we urge donor countries to mobilise $1 to $2 billion to assist the vulnerable, low-income countries, which are already suffering from climate impacts." Africa and small island states are particularly vulnerable said a report to the UN by the Stockholm-based Commission on Climate Change and Development (CCCD).
A UN-led conference in the Danish capital Copenhagen in December is meant to approve a new global warming treaty for the period after 2012, when the Kyoto Protocol's obligations to cut carbon emissions expire.
